Rhinichthys osculus lethoporus
Hubbs and Miller, 1972
Independence Valley Speckled Dace
T1T1Global Rank
Very high - mediumThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.104850
Element CodeAFCJB37052
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSubspecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVertebrate Animal
Endemicendemic to a single state or province
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumCraniata
ClassActinopterygii
OrderCypriniformes
FamilyLeuciscidae
GenusRhinichthys
Concept ReferenceHubbs, C. L. and R. R. Miller. 1972. Diagnoses of new Cyprinid fishes of isolated waters in the Great Basin of western North America. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 17(8):101-106.
Taxonomic CommentsIndependence Valley and Clover Valley speckled dace are distinguished from the Lahontan speckled dace by their less developed lateral line system on both the body and the head. The Independence Valley speckled dace is further distinguished from the Clover Valley speckled dace by a more laterally compressed body, a deeper caudal peduncle, fewer pectoral fin rays, and a straighter and more oblique mouth (Hubbs and Miller 1972).
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2021-08-05
Change Date1996-03-19
Edition Date2021-08-05
Edition AuthorsMiskow, E. NDNH
Threat ImpactVery high - medium
Range Extent<100 square km (less than about 40 square miles)
Number of Occurrences1 - 5
Rank ReasonsThis species is known from a very small area (5 km2) where it has suffered from groundwater extraction and the introduction of non-native predatory fishes, although the short-term population trend appears to be stable.
Range Extent CommentsThis species is known only from a single isolated spring and marsh/outflow system in Independence Valley, Elko County, Nevada, USA.
Occurrences CommentsThe entire known population occurs at a single spring/wetland complex.
Threat Impact CommentsPrimary threats to this species and on going stressors are: habitat manipulation in the form of irrigation structures; persistent drought and wildfire potential; proposed mining exploration project that would remove groundwater; and non-native predatory fishes including Largemouth Bass, Bluegill, and Western Mosquitofish. The entire population exists on private lands with limited access.
Other Nations (1)
United StatesN1
| Province | Rank | Native |
|---|
| Nevada | S1 | Yes |
Roadless Areas (1)
South Dakota (1)
| Area | Forest | Acres |
|---|
| Indian Creek | Buffalo Gap National Grassland | 24,666 |
References (10)
- Eschmeyer, W. N. and R. Fricke, and R. van der Laan (eds). 2016. Catalog of Fishes electronic version: genera, species, references. (http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp). Electronic version: 31 March 2016.
- Gilbert, C. R. 1998. Type catalogue of recent and fossil North American freshwater fishes: families Cyprinidae, Catostomidae, Ictaluridae, Centrarchidae, and Elassomatidae. Florida Museum of Natural History, Special Publication 1, University of Florida, Gainesville.
- Hubbs, C. L. and R. R. Miller. 1972. Diagnoses of new Cyprinid fishes of isolated waters in the Great Basin of western North America. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 17(8):101-106.
- Jelks, H. L., S. J. Walsh, N. M. Burkhead, S. Contreras-Balderas, E. Díaz-Pardo, D. A. Hendrickson, J. Lyons, N. E. Mandrak, F. McCormick, J. S. Nelson, S. P. Platania, B. A. Porter, C. B. Renaud, J. Jacobo Schmitter-Soto, E. B. Taylor, and M.L. Warren, Jr. 2008. Conservation status of imperiled North American freshwater and diadromous fishes. Fisheries 33(8):372-407.
- Page, L. M., and B. M. Burr. 2011. Peterson field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Second edition. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, Boston. xix + 663 pp.
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1989a. Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; animal notice of review. Federal Register 54(4):554-579.
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 1989. Determination of endangered status for the Independence Valley speckled dace and Clover Valley speckled dace. Federal Register 54(194):41448-53.
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 1990. Endangered and threatened species recovery program: report to Congress. 406 pp.
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 1998. Recovery plan for the endangered speckled dace of Clover and Independence valleys (<i>Rhinichthys osculus lethoporus</i> and <i>Rhinichthys osculus oligoporus</i>). USFWS, Portland, Oregon. vii + 50 pp.
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2008. Independence Valley speckled dace (Rhinichthys osculus lethoporus). 5-year review: summary and evaluation. USFWS , Nevada Fish and Wildlife Service, Reno.