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Etheostoma radiosum

(Hubbs and Black, 1941)

Orangebelly Darter

G4Apparently Secure Found in 4 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G4Apparently SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
LowThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.1156842
Element CodeAFCQC02H20
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVertebrate Animal
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicendemic to a single nation
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumCraniata
ClassActinopterygii
OrderPerciformes
FamilyPercidae
GenusEtheostoma
Concept Reference
Matthews, W. J., and T. F. Turner. 2019. Redescription and recognition of Etheostoma cyanorum from Blue River, Oklahoma. Copeia 107(2):208-218.
Taxonomic Comments
Etheostoma cyanorum, previously considered a subspecies of E. radiosum, is elevated to full species based on morphological and molecular data (Matthews and Turner 2019). The authors note that additional studies of geographic variation in molecular and morphological characters is needed to assess the validity of the two remaining subspecies, paludosum and radiosum; mtDNA gene trees indicate recent and substantive gene flow across drainages previously thought to harbor different subspecies.

Formerly included as a subspecies of E. whipplei.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2020-08-20
Change Date2020-08-20
Edition Date2020-08-20
Edition AuthorsHammerson, G. (2011), rev. M. Ormes (2020), rev. B.D. Smith (2020)
Threat ImpactLow
Range Extent20,000-200,000 square km (about 8000-80,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
Although this species has a somewhat restricted range (as a regional endemic), it is abundant, appears to be stable, and has no known major threats.
Range Extent Comments
This darter is widespread and abundant in the Ouachita and Red river drainages above the Fall Line in southwestern Arkansas and southeastern Oklahoma (Matthews and Turner 2019); also the Red River drainage in northeastern Texas (Page and Burr 2011, Texas Natural Diversity Database 2020).

Subspecies E. r. radiosum is restricted to the Ouachita and Little River drainages to the east, and E. r. paludosum is restricted to the Kiamichi, Muddy Boggy, Clear Boggy systems, and tributaries of the Red River to the west (Matthews and Turner 2019).
Occurrences Comments
This species is represented by a large number of occurrences (subpopulations).
Threat Impact Comments
No major threats are known.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Habitat includes gravel and rubble riffles and runs of creeks and small to medium rivers (Page and Burr 2011). Post-larvae live in quiet water, move into progressively faster water as they grow. Eggs are buried in gravel in riffles and raceways.

Ecology

Adult density averaged 2.7/square meter in one study. Few adults make inter- or intra-raceway movements of much distance (Page 1983).

Reproduction

Spawns March-May in Oklahoma, at least late February through mid-April in eastern Texas (Hubbs 1985). Sexually mature in 1 year (Page 1983). Age range of breeding females is 1-3 years (Bart and Page 1992).
Other Nations (1)
United StatesN4
ProvinceRankNative
TexasS3Yes
ArkansasS4Yes
OklahomaS4Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
No known threats———

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Roadless Areas (4)
Arkansas (3)
AreaForestAcres
Blue MountainOuachita National Forest9,755
Brush HeapOuachita National Forest4,205
Little BlakelyOuachita National Forest3,342
Oklahoma (1)
AreaForestAcres
Beech CreekOuachita National Forest8,303
References (18)
  1. Bart, H. L., Jr., and L. M. Page. 1992. The influence of size and phylogeny on life history variation in North American percids. Pages 553-572 in R.L. Mayden, editor. Systematics, historical ecology, and North American freshwater fishes. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California. xxvi + 969 pp.
  2. Hubbs, C. 1985. Darter reproductive seasons. Copeia 1985:56-68.
  3. Kuehne, R. A., and R. W. Barbour. 1983. The American Darters. University Press of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky. 177 pp.
  4. Lee, D. S., C. R. Gilbert, C. H. Hocutt, R. E. Jenkins, D. E. McAllister, and J. R. Stauffer, Jr. 1980. Atlas of North American freshwater fishes. North Carolina State Museum of Natural History, Raleigh, North Carolina. i-x + 854 pp.
  5. Matthews, William J. (Oklahoma Museum of Natural History, University of Oklahoma). 2000. Review and annotation of fish watershed distribution maps. Review requested by Anthony E. Zammit, ABI. June 2000.
  6. Matthews, W. J., and F. P. Gelwick. 1988. Variation and systematics of <i>Etheostoma radiosum</i>, the orangebelly darter (Pisces: Percidae). Copeia 1988:543-554.
  7. Matthews, W. J., and T. F. Turner. 2019. Redescription and recognition of <i>Etheostoma cyanorum</i> from Blue River, Oklahoma. Copeia 107(2):208-218.
  8. Miller, R. J., and H. W. Robison. 2004. Fishes of Oklahoma. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman. 450 pp.
  9. Nelson, J. S., E. J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Perez, L. T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, R. N. Lea, and J. D. Williams. 2004. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland. 386 pp.
  10. Page, L. M. 1983a. Handbook of Darters. T. F. H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey. 271 pp.
  11. Page, L. M., and B. M. Burr. 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes: North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts. 432 pp.
  12. Page, L. M., and B. M. Burr. 2011. Peterson field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Second edition. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, Boston. xix + 663 pp.
  13. Page, L. M., H. Espinosa-Pérez, L. T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, R. N. Lea, N. E. Mandrak, R. L. Mayden, and J. S. Nelson. 2013. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Seventh edition. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 34, Bethesda, Maryland.
  14. Page, L. M., K. E. Bemis, T. E. Dowling, H.S. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, K. E. Hartel, R. N. Lea, N. E. Mandrak, M. A. Neigbors, J. J. Schmitter-Soto, and H. J. Walker, Jr. 2023. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Eighth edition. American Fisheries Society (AFS), Special Publication 37, Bethesda, Maryland, 439 pp.
  15. Retzer, M. E., L. M. Page, and D. L. Swofford. 1986. Variation and systematics of <i>Etheostoma whipplei</i>, the redfindarter (Pisces: Percidae). Copeia 1986:631-641.
  16. Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea, and W.B. Scott. 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 20. 183 pp.
  17. Robison, H. W. and T. M. Buchanan. 1988. Fishes of Arkansas. The University of Arkansas Press, Fayetteville, Arkansas. 536 pp.
  18. Robison, H.W. and T.M. Buchanan. 2020. Fishes of Arkansas. University of Arkansas Press, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA, 959 pp.