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Campanula divaricata

Michx.

Southern Harebell

G5Secure Found in 76 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
UnknownThreat Impact
Southern Harebell (Campanula divaricata). Photo by Joey Santore, CC BY-NC 4.0, via iNaturalist.
Joey Santore, CC BY-NC 4.0
Southern Harebell (Campanula divaricata). Photo by Joey Santore, CC BY-NC 4.0, via iNaturalist.
Joey Santore, CC BY-NC 4.0
Southern Harebell (Campanula divaricata). Photo by Joey Santore, CC BY-NC 4.0, via iNaturalist.
Joey Santore, CC BY-NC 4.0
Southern Harebell (Campanula divaricata). Photo by Joey Santore, CC BY-NC 4.0, via iNaturalist.
Joey Santore, CC BY-NC 4.0
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.148366
Element CodePDCAM02090
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicendemic to a single nation
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderCampanulales
FamilyCampanulaceae
GenusCampanula
Other Common Names
Appalachian Bellflower (EN) small bonny bellflower (EN) Small Bonny Bellflower (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2023-11-01
Change Date2023-11-01
Edition Date2023-11-01
Edition AuthorsEberly (2023)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent200,000-2,500,000 square km (about 80,000-1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
With a large range extent, over 700 occurrences, and preference for habitat that is protected from many threats, Campanula divaricata is considered secure.
Range Extent Comments
Campanula divaricata occurs in the Appalachian Mountains of the southeastern United States from West Virginia and Maryland (historically) south to Alabama and Georgia and eastward to the Atlantic Coastal Plain (Weakley and Southeastern Flora Team 2023). Range extent was estimated using herbarium specimens and photo-based observations documented between 1992 and 2023 (GBIF 2023, iNaturalist 2023). It is exotic in the New England states of Connecticut and New Hampshire but these occurrences may be ephemeral (Native Plant Trust 2023).
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium records and photo-based observations documented between 1992 and 2023, it is estimated that there are over 300 occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2023, iNaturalist 2023).
Threat Impact Comments
This species occurs on cliffs, outcrops, and rocky sites that are protected from many anthropogenic threats.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

This species grows on rock outcrops and cliffs, rocky or talus sites including summits (Weakley and Southeastern Flora Team 2023).
Terrestrial Habitats
Bare rock/talus/screeCliff
Other Nations (1)
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
GeorgiaSNRYes
VirginiaS4Yes
New HampshireSNANo
TennesseeSNRYes
South CarolinaS4Yes
MarylandSHYes
KentuckyS5Yes
ConnecticutSNANo
West VirginiaS4Yes
North CarolinaS5Yes
AlabamaSNRYes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
Unknown/undetermined———

—

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (76)
Alabama (2)
AreaForestAcres
Blue MountainTalladega National Forest4,986
Cheaha ATalladega National Forest236
Georgia (11)
AreaForestAcres
Boggs CreekChattahoochee National Forest2,073
Cedar MountainChattahoochee National Forest1,083
Helton CreekChattahoochee National Forest2,348
Indian Grave GapChattahoochee National Forest1,020
Joe GapChattahoochee National Forest5,321
Kelly RidgeChattahoochee National Forest8,325
Lance CreekChattahoochee National Forest9,025
Pink KnobChattahoochee National Forest12,127
Rocky MountainChattahoochee National Forest4,269
Sarah's CreekChattahoochee National Forest6,888
Tate BranchChattahoochee National Forest1,069
North Carolina (24)
AreaForestAcres
Bald MountainPisgah National Forest11,085
Balsam ConePisgah National Forest10,591
BearwallowPisgah National Forest4,113
Big Indian (addition)Nantahala National Forest1,155
Boteler PeakNantahala National Forest4,205
Cherry Cove (addition)Nantahala National Forest836
Chunky Gal (addition)Nantahala National Forest3,336
Craggy MountainPisgah National Forest2,657
Graveyard Ridge (addition)Pisgah National Forest1,958
Harper CreekPisgah National Forest7,325
Jarrett CreekPisgah National Forest7,485
Laurel MountainPisgah National Forest5,683
Linville Gorge AdditionPisgah National Forest2,809
Little Indian (addition)Nantahala National Forest640
Lost CovePisgah National Forest5,944
Mackey MountainPisgah National Forest5,934
Overflow CreekNantahala National Forest3,379
Sam Knob (addition)Pisgah National Forest2,576
Slide HollowPisgah National Forest193
South Mills RiverPisgah National Forest8,588
Tusquitee BaldNantahala National Forest13,670
Wesser BaldNantahala National Forest4,061
Wilson CreekPisgah National Forest4,863
Woods MountainPisgah National Forest9,602
South Carolina (2)
AreaForestAcres
Big MountainSumter National Forest2,337
Ellicott Rock 2Sumter National Forest517
Tennessee (5)
AreaForestAcres
Bald MountainCherokee National Forest11,743
Beaver Dam CreekCherokee National Forest5,070
Devil's BackboneCherokee National Forest4,287
Slide HollowCherokee National Forest4,057
Stone MountainCherokee National Forest5,367
Virginia (29)
AreaForestAcres
Adams PeakGeorge Washington National Forest7,135
Bear CreekJefferson National Forest18,274
Beards MountainGeorge Washington National Forest7,505
Beaver Dam CreekJefferson National Forest1,135
Brush Mountain EastJefferson National Forest4,916
Dolly AnnGeorge Washington National Forest7,855
Elliott KnobGeorge Washington National Forest9,380
Hoop HoleJefferson National Forest4,652
Hunting Camp Little Wolf CreekJefferson National Forest8,953
Kelley MountainGeorge Washington National Forest7,590
Laurel ForkGeorge Washington National Forest9,967
Little AlleghanyGeorge Washington National Forest10,215
Little Dry Run AdditionJefferson National Forest2,204
Little RiverGeorge Washington National Forest27,292
Mill MountainGeorge Washington National Forest10,840
Mountain Lake Addition AJefferson National Forest1,469
Mt. PleasantGeorge Washington National Forest8,933
New London Bridge BranchJefferson National Forest844
North MountainJefferson National Forest8,377
Northern MassanuttenGeorge Washington National Forest9,444
Oak KnobGeorge Washington National Forest10,882
Oliver MountainGeorge Washington National Forest13,090
Patterson MountainJefferson National Forest4,865
Price MountainJefferson National Forest9,119
Seng MountainJefferson National Forest6,428
Southern MassanuttenGeorge Washington National Forest11,985
The FriarsGeorge Washington National Forest2,035
The PriestGeorge Washington National Forest5,737
Three RidgesGeorge Washington National Forest4,745
West Virginia (3)
AreaForestAcres
Dry River (WV)George Washington National Forest7,331
Little Allegheny MountainMonongahela National Forest10,514
Middle MountainMonongahela National Forest19,020
References (4)
  1. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2023. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2023).
  2. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  3. Native Plant Trust. 2023. Go Botany website. Online. Available: https://gobotany.newenglandwild.org (accessed 2023).
  4. Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2023. Flora of the southeastern United States. Edition of April 14, 2023. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. 2105 pp.