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Garberia heterophylla

(Bartr.) Merr. & F. Harper

Garberia

G4Apparently Secure Found in 2 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G4Apparently SecureGlobal Rank
MediumThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.156543
Element CodePDAST40010
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicendemic to a single state or province
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderAsterales
FamilyAsteraceae
GenusGarberia
Synonyms
Garberia fruticosa(Nutt.) Gray
Other Common Names
garberia (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2022-08-26
Change Date2022-08-26
Edition Date2022-11-09
Edition AuthorsM.E. Stover, TNC-HO; rev. Rosner-Katz, H (2022)
Threat ImpactMedium
Range Extent20,000-200,000 square km (about 8000-80,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences81 to >300
Rank Reasons
Garberia heterophylla is endemic to central and north Florida, wherein it is widespread but in somewhat restricted habitat. Much of its scrub and scrubby flatwoods habitat has been lost to agriculture and development and it remains vulnerable to these threats where it does not occur on protected lands.
Range Extent Comments
Garberia heterophylla occurs in the southeastern United States where it is endemic to central and north Florida. Based on iNaturalist records (2022) with accurate geopositional information, the range extent was calculated in GeoCat at 47,212 sq km.
Occurrences Comments
Given the number of iNaturalist, SERNEC, and GBIF records and its general commonness (field observations) within a large portion of its range, the number of populations is most likely above 300 but is certainly above 200.
Threat Impact Comments
Much of the habitat for this species has already been destroyed by development and agriculture, especially orange groves in the central-southern part of its range, and where this species is not protected, this continues to be a threat.
Ecology & Habitat

Diagnostic Characteristics

Discoid heads in terminal corymbs; pink-purple corolla 8-10mm long; achenes ca. 10-ribbed; branching shrub; dull gray-green, viscid foliage; alternate, short, mostly erect-overlapping, obovate leaves with indistinct venation.

Habitat

Scrub and related habitats: scrub and scrubby flatwoods (Abrahamson & Hartnett 1990, Myers 1990); "dry, sandy, pine or pine-oak scrub and prairies" (Cronquist 1980); "sand pine and oak scrub" (Wunderlin 1982); "scrub and coastal dunes" (Small 1933); "sand ridges and hills, mostly associated with sand pine-oak scrub" (Godfrey 1988).

Ecology

Above-ground portion killed by fire, but resprouts and also comes up from seed (Menges & Kohfeldt, unpubl. 1994).

Reproduction

Wind dispersal inferred from persistent pappus on achene (Small 1933).
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest/WoodlandWoodland - ConiferShrubland/chaparral
Other Nations (1)
United StatesN4
ProvinceRankNative
FloridaS4Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
1 - Residential & commercial developmentRestricted (11-30%)Extreme - seriousHigh (continuing)
2 - Agriculture & aquacultureRestricted (11-30%)Extreme - seriousHigh (continuing)
2.1 - Annual & perennial non-timber cropsRestricted (11-30%)Extreme - seriousHigh (continuing)

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Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL, EVERGREEN, FALL-FLOWERING, FLOWERING YEAR-ROUND
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (2)
Florida (2)
AreaForestAcres
Alexander Springs CreekOcala National Forest2,954
Farles PrairieOcala National Forest1,901
References (10)
  1. Abrahamson, W. G., and D. C. Hartnett. 1990. Pine Flatwoods and Dry Prairies. pp. 103-149. in Ecosystems of Florida, R. L. Myers and J. J. Ewel, eds. Univ. of Central Florida Press, Orlando.
  2. Cronquist, A. 1980. Vascular flora of the southeastern United States. Vol. 1. Asteraceae. Univ. North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill. 261 pp.
  3. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2006c. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 21. Magnoliophyta: Asteridae, part 8: Asteraceae, part 3. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxii + 616 pp.
  4. Godfrey, R.K. 1988. Trees, shrubs, and woody vines of northern Florida and adjacent Georgia and Alabama. Univ. Georgia Press, Athens. 734 pp.
  5. iNaturalist. 2022. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2022).
  6. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  7. Menges, E.S., and N. Kohfeldt. In press. Life history strategies of Florida scrub plants in relation to fire. Submitted to Bull. Torrey Botanical Club.
  8. Myers, R.L. 1990. Scrub and high pine. In R.L. Myers and J.J. Ewel (eds.). Ecosystems of Florida. Univ. Central Florida Press, Orlando.
  9. Small, J.K. 1933. Manual of the southeastern flora. Two volumes. Hafner Publishing Company, New York.
  10. Wunderlin, R.P. 1982. Guide to the vascular plants of central Florida. Univ. Presses Florida, Gainesville. 472 pp.