Salix pyrifolia

Anderss.

Balsam Willow

G5Secure Found in 4 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Least concernIUCN
UnknownThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.138979
Element CodePDSAL022G0
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
IUCNLeast concern
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderSalicales
FamilySalicaceae
GenusSalix
Other Common Names
balsam willow (EN) Saule baumier (FR)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2025-06-09
Change Date1984-09-06
Edition Date2025-06-09
Edition AuthorsN. Ventrella (2025)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
Salix pyrifolia is a perennial shrub or tree occurring in fens, along the margins of lakes and sloughs, and treed bogs of northern North America, from Yukon and Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada south to British Columbia, Minnesota, and New York in the United States. There are over 500 estimated occurrences of this taxon, which are potentially threatened by development, water diversion, alteration of hydrology, erosion, recreational activities, invasive species, and other threats in some places. Little is known about threats and trends, but with a large range extent, high number of occurrences, abundant habitat, broad habitat preferences, and no obvious intrinsic vulnerabilities, Salix pyrifolia is considered secure.
Range Extent Comments
Salix pyrifolia occurs in northern North America, from Yukon and Newfoundland and Labrador south to British Columbia, Minnesota, and New York in Canada and the United States (FNA 2010). Range extent was estimated to be over 6.5 million square kilometers using herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data collected between 1994 and 2025 (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, NatureServe 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens, photo-based observations, and NatureServe Network occurrence data documented between 1994 and 2025, it is estimated that there are more than 500 occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2025, iNaturalist 2025, NatureServe 2025, RARECAT 2025, SEINet 2025).
Threat Impact Comments
Although threats are not widely documented, Salix pyrifolia is likely threatened by development, water diversion, alteration of hydrology, erosion, recreational activities, invasive species, and other threats in some places. However, they are considered negligible given the broad range and large number of occurrences of the species and its somewhat flexible and abundant habitat, as well as no obvious intrinsic vulnerabilities.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Salix pyrifolia occurs in "fens, wet lake and slough margins, [and] treed bogs" from 0-1600 m in elevation (FNA 2010).
Palustrine Habitats
FORESTED WETLANDBog/fenRiparian
Other Nations (2)
CanadaN5
ProvinceRankNative
Northwest TerritoriesS4Yes
British ColumbiaS4Yes
Island of NewfoundlandS4Yes
Prince Edward IslandS4Yes
Nova ScotiaS5Yes
ManitobaS4Yes
OntarioS5Yes
Yukon TerritoryS3Yes
SaskatchewanS4Yes
QuebecS5Yes
AlbertaS5Yes
New BrunswickS5Yes
LabradorS4Yes
United StatesN4
ProvinceRankNative
MinnesotaSNRYes
VermontS4Yes
MaineSNRYes
New HampshireSNRYes
New YorkS4Yes
WisconsinSNRYes
MichiganS4Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
Unknown/undetermined

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)Yes
Roadless Areas (4)
Minnesota (2)
AreaForestAcres
Hegman LakesSuperior National Forest675
Phantom LakeSuperior National Forest6,521
New Hampshire (2)
AreaForestAcres
Great Gulf Ext.White Mountain National Forest15,110
Presidential - Dry River ExtWhite Mountain National Forest10,555
References (8)
  1. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2010. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 7. Magnoliophyta: Salicaceae to Brassicaceae. Oxford University Press, New York. xxii + 797 pp.
  2. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2025. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2025).
  3. iNaturalist. 2025. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2025).
  4. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  5. Little, E.L., Jr. 1979. Checklist of United States trees (native and naturalized). Agriculture Handbook No. 541. U.S. Forest Service, Washington, D.C. 375 pp.
  6. NatureServe. 2025. NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia.
  7. <p>NatureServe's Rapid Analysis of Rarity and Endangerment Conservation Assessment Tool (RARECAT). 2025. Version: 2.1.1 (released April 04, 2025).</p>
  8. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2025. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2025).