Home/Species/ Spiranthes incurva

Spiranthes incurva

(Jenn.) M.C. Pace

G5Secure Found in 1 roadless area NatureServe Explorer →

G5SecureGlobal Rank

UnknownThreat Impact

Identity

Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.1014178

Element CodePMORC2B240

Record TypeSPECIES

ClassificationSpecies

Classification StatusProvisional

Name CategoryVascular Plant

Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations

KingdomPlantae

PhylumAnthophyta

ClassMonocotyledoneae

OrderOrchidales

FamilyOrchidaceae

GenusSpiranthes

Concept Reference

Pace, M.C. and K.M. Cameron. 2017. The systematics of the Spiranthes cernua species complex (Orchidaceae): untangling the Gordian knot. Systematic Botany 42(4): 1-30.

Conservation Status

Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2

Review Date2024-03-21

Change Date2024-03-21

Edition Date2024-03-21

Edition AuthorsSoteropoulos (2024)

Threat ImpactUnknown

Range Extent200,000-2,500,000 square km (about 80,000-1,000,000 square miles)

Number of Occurrences> 300

Rank Reasons

Spiranthes incurva is a wide-ranging perennial herb occurring across eastern and central North America from Prince Edward Island west to Ontario in Canada, south to Massachusetts and west to Kansas in the United States. With a large range extent, over 1,000 occurrences, abundant habitat, broad habitat preferences, and no obvious intrinsic vulnerabilities, this species is considered secure.

Range Extent Comments

Spiranthes incurva occurs in eastern and central North America from Prince Edward Island west to Ontario in Canada, south to Massachusetts and west to Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, and Kansas in the United States. Range extent was estimated to be almost 2 million square kilometers using herbarium specimens and photo-based observations documented between 1993 and 2024 (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, SEINet 2024).

Occurrences Comments

By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens and photo-based observations documented between 1993 and 2024, it is estimated that there are over 1,000 occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, SEINet 2024).

Threat Impact Comments

Although threats are not widely documented, Spiranthes incurva is potentially threatened by development, invasive species, and other threats in some places. However, their overall impact is likely negligible given the species's broad range, large number of occurrences, and no obvious intrinsic vulnerabilities.

Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

"Although it typically occurs in more xeric habitats than S. cernua s. s., S. incurva has varied habitat preferences: submerged in shallow lake dune pools, fens, bogs, rocky ice-scour meadows, lake edges, wet to xeric roadsides and prairies, alvar escarpments, and xeric rolling lake dunes composed of pure sand" (Pace and Cameron 2017).

Terrestrial Habitats

Grassland/herbaceousSand/dune

Palustrine Habitats

Bog/fen

Other Nations (2)

CanadaN5

Province	Rank	Native
Ontario	S5	Yes
Prince Edward Island	S1	Yes
New Brunswick	S2	Yes
Quebec	SNR	Yes

United StatesN5

Province	Rank	Native
Illinois	SNR	Yes
Wisconsin	SNR	Yes
Iowa	SNR	Yes
Massachusetts	SNR	Yes
New York	SNR	Yes
Maine	SNR	Yes
Vermont	S4	Yes
Indiana	SNR	Yes
Minnesota	SNR	Yes
Kansas	SNR	Yes
Michigan	SNR	Yes
Nebraska	SNR	Yes
Missouri	SNR	Yes
Pennsylvania	SNR	Yes
New Hampshire	SNR	Yes
Ohio	SNR	Yes

Threat Assessments

Threat	Scope	Severity	Timing
Unknown/undetermined	—	—	—

Plant Characteristics

DurationPERENNIAL

Economic Value (Genus)No

Roadless Areas (1)

New Hampshire (1)

Area	Forest	Acres
Kilkenny	White Mountain National Forest	28,766

References (4)

Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2024. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2024).
iNaturalist. 2024. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2024).
Pace, M.C. and K.M. Cameron. 2017. The systematics of the <i>Spiranthes cernua </i>species complex (Orchidaceae): untangling the Gordian knot. Systematic Botany 42(4): 1-30.
Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2024. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2024).

Spiranthes incurva

Habitat

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