Tiarella stolonifera

Nesom

Northern Foamflower

G5Secure Found in 40 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
UnknownThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.1214609
Element CodePDSAX10040
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderRosales
FamilySaxifragaceae
GenusTiarella
Concept Reference
Nesom, G.L. 2021. Taxonomy of Tiarella (Saxifragaceae) in the eastern USA. Phytoneuron 31: 1-61.
Taxonomic Comments
Nesom (2021) splits the broad concept of Tiarella cordifolia recognized by Flora of North America Editorial Committee (2009) into five species. T. stolonifera is a stoloniferous species that is widespread from Michigan to the northeastern U.S. and adjacent Canada and south into Kentucky, Tennessee, and montane Virginia and North Carolina (Nesom 2021). Tiarella cordifolia following Nesom (2021) is a non-stoloniferous species, on the eastern seaboard from Maryland to Georgia. The other three eastern species of Tiarella recognized by Nesom (2021) are restricted to the southeastern U.S: T. austrina, T. wherryi, and T. nautila.
Conservation Status
Rank Method Rank calculation - Biotics v2
Review Date2024-03-21
Change Date2024-03-21
Edition Date2024-03-21
Edition AuthorsSoteropoulos (2024)
Threat ImpactUnknown
Range Extent200,000-2,500,000 square km (about 80,000-1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
Tiarella stolonifera is wide-ranging perennial herb occurring in eastern North America from Nova Scotia west to Ontario in Canada and south to the mountains of North Carolina and Tennessee in the United States. It is considered to be common throughout most of its range, with more than 4,000 occurrences in forests and woodlands. Little is known about threats or trends, but with a large range extent and large number of occurrences, this species is considered secure.
Range Extent Comments
Tiarella stolonifera occurs throughout much of eastern North America from Nova Scotia west to Ontario in Canada and south to the mountains of western North Carolina and eastern Tennessee in the United States. Range extent was estimated to be 1.6 million square kilometers using herbarium specimens and photo-based observations documented between 1993 and 2024 (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, SEINet 2024, Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2023).
Occurrences Comments
By applying a 1 km separation distance to herbarium specimens and photo-based observations documented between 1993 and 2024, it is estimated that there are over 4,000 occurrences rangewide (GBIF 2024, iNaturalist 2024, SEINet 2024).
Threat Impact Comments
Although threats are not widely documented, Tiarella stolonifera is potentially threatened by development, invasive species, and other threats in some places. However, their overall impact is likely negligible given the species' broad range, large number of occurrences, and no obvious intrinsic vulnerabilities.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Tiarella stolonifera grows in "moist forests, cove forests, rock outcrops, well-drained bottomland forests" (Weakley and the Southeastern Flora Team 2023).
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest/WoodlandBare rock/talus/scree
Other Nations (2)
United StatesN5
ProvinceRankNative
ConnecticutSNRYes
New HampshireSNRYes
North CarolinaS4Yes
New JerseySNRYes
MassachusettsSNRYes
West VirginiaS5Yes
OhioSNRYes
KentuckyS5Yes
New YorkS5Yes
MaineSNRYes
TennesseeSNRYes
MarylandSNRYes
PennsylvaniaS5Yes
MichiganSNRYes
VermontS5Yes
VirginiaSNRYes
CanadaN5
ProvinceRankNative
QuebecS4Yes
Nova ScotiaSNRYes
OntarioS5Yes
New BrunswickSNRYes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
Unknown/undetermined

Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (40)
Kentucky (1)
AreaForestAcres
WolfpenDaniel Boone National Forest2,835
New Hampshire (12)
AreaForestAcres
Carr MountainWhite Mountain National Forest17,110
Cherry MountainWhite Mountain National Forest8,766
Dartmouth RangeWhite Mountain National Forest9,233
Great Gulf Ext.White Mountain National Forest15,110
JobildunkWhite Mountain National Forest3,660
KilkennyWhite Mountain National Forest28,766
Kinsman MountainWhite Mountain National Forest8,999
Mt. Wolf - Gordon PondWhite Mountain National Forest11,846
PemigewassetWhite Mountain National Forest32,255
Presidential - Dry River ExtWhite Mountain National Forest10,555
Sandwich RangeWhite Mountain National Forest16,797
Wild RiverWhite Mountain National Forest46,878
North Carolina (2)
AreaForestAcres
Craggy MountainPisgah National Forest2,657
Woods MountainPisgah National Forest9,602
Pennsylvania (4)
AreaForestAcres
Allegheny FrontAllegheny National Forest7,430
Clarion RiverAllegheny National Forest3,821
Minister ValleyAllegheny National Forest1,417
Tracy RidgeAllegheny National Forest9,034
Tennessee (1)
AreaForestAcres
Beaver Dam CreekCherokee National Forest5,070
Vermont (5)
AreaForestAcres
Bread LoafGreen Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests1,768
Griffith Lake 09084Green Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests1,833
Lye Brook Addition 09085Green Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests1,111
Wilder Mountain 09082Green Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests8,759
Woodford 09086Green Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests2,456
Virginia (2)
AreaForestAcres
Beaver Dam CreekJefferson National Forest1,135
Seng MountainJefferson National Forest6,428
West Virginia (13)
AreaForestAcres
Cheat MountainMonongahela National Forest8,191
Cranberry AdditionMonongahela National Forest11,123
Cranberry Glades Botanical AreaMonongahela National Forest785
Dolly Sods Roaring PlainMonongahela National Forest13,392
Dry ForkMonongahela National Forest657
East Fork Of GreenbrierMonongahela National Forest7,167
Falls Of Hills CreekMonongahela National Forest6,925
Glady ForkMonongahela National Forest3,239
Little MountainMonongahela National Forest8,172
Mcgowan MountainMonongahela National Forest10,504
Seneca CreekMonongahela National Forest22,287
Tea Creek MountainMonongahela National Forest8,295
Turkey MountainMonongahela National Forest6,421
References (5)
  1. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). 2024. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data portal. Online. Available: https://www.gbif.org/ (accessed 2024).
  2. iNaturalist. 2024. Online. Available: https://www.inaturalist.org (accessed 2024).
  3. Nesom, G.L. 2021. Taxonomy of <i>Tiarella </i>(Saxifragaceae) in the eastern USA. Phytoneuron 31: 1-61.
  4. Southwest Environmental Information Network (SEINet). 2024. Collections Databases. Online. Available: https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/collections/index.php (accessed 2024).
  5. Weakley, A.S., and Southeastern Flora Team. 2023. Flora of the southeastern United States. Edition of April 14, 2023. University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU), North Carolina Botanical Garden, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. 2105 pp.