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Milax gagates

(Draparnaud, 1801)

Greenhouse Slug

G5Secure Found in 2 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.107521
Element CodeIMGAS89010
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryInvertebrate Animal
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomAnimalia
PhylumMollusca
ClassGastropoda
OrderStylommatophora
FamilyMilacidae
GenusMilax
Concept Reference
Turgeon, D. D., J. F. Quinn, Jr., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, F. G. Hochberg, W. G. Lyons, P. M. Mikkelsen, R. J. Neves, C. F. E. Roper, G. Rosenberg, B. Roth, A. Scheltema, F. G. Thompson, M. Vecchione, and J. D. Williams. 1998. Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks. 2nd Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26, Bethesda, Maryland. 526 pp.
Conservation Status
Review Date2009-03-03
Change Date2002-10-08
Edition Date2009-03-03
Edition AuthorsCordeiro, J.
Range Extent>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences> 300
Rank Reasons
It occurs in Australia, Europe, Japan, Mexico (including Baja California), New Zeland, the United States, South Africa, Sotuh America, Atlantic Islands (e.g., Bermuda and St. Helena), and Pacific islands (e.g., Juan Fernandes and Rapa Nui) but is probably native to only the coastal zone and islands of the western Mediterranean and Canary Islands.
Range Extent Comments
It occurs in Australia, Europe, Japan, Mexico (including Baja California), New Zeland, the United States, South Africa, Sotuh America, Atlantic Islands (e.g., Bermuda and St. Helena), and Pacific islands (e.g., Juan Fernandes and Rapa Nui) but is probably native to only the coastal zone and islands of the western Mediterranean and Canary Islands.
Occurrences Comments
In California it occurs in 23 counties: Alameda, Butte, Contra Costa, Kern, Lake, Los Angeles (incl. Santa Catalina Island), Napa, Orange, Sacramento, San Bernardino, San Diego, San Francisco, Santa Barbara (incl. Santa Cruz Island), Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Stanislaus, Tehama, Trinity, Ventura (incl. Anacapa Island), Monterey, San Luis Obispo, San Mateo, and Riverside (McDonnell et al., 2009). It was recently reported as introduced in Cachoeirinha, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil (Agudo-Padron, 2009).
Ecology & Habitat
Other Nations (2)
United StatesNNA
ProvinceRankNative
IdahoSNANo
ColoradoSNANo
KentuckySNANo
HawaiiSNANo
New YorkSNANo
VirginiaSNANo
OregonSNANo
WashingtonSNANo
PennsylvaniaSNANo
CaliforniaSNANo
New JerseySNANo
CanadaNNA
Roadless Areas (2)
California (2)
AreaForestAcres
Cucamonga CSan Bernardino National Forest4,106
San DimasAngeles National Forest7,160
References (6)
  1. Agudo-Padron, A.I. 2009. First confirmed record of the exotic slug <i>Milax gagates</i> (Draparnaud, 1801) in the southernmost Brazil region. Ellipsaria 11(3):15-16.
  2. Cowie, R.H. 1997. Catalog and bibliography of the nonindigenous nonmarine snails and slugs of the Hawaiian Islands. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers, 50: 1-66.
  3. Dourson, D.C. 2010. Kentucky's land snails and their ecological communities. Goatslug Publications, Bakersville, NC. 298 pp.
  4. McDonnell, R.J., T.D. Paine, and M.J. Gormally. 2009. Slugs. A guide to the invasive and native fauna of California. University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Publication 8336. 21 pp.
  5. Roth, B. and P.S. Sadeghian. 2003. Checklist of the land snails and slugs of California. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Contributions in Science, 3: 1-81.
  6. Turgeon, D. D., J. F. Quinn, Jr., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, F. G. Hochberg, W. G. Lyons, P. M. Mikkelsen, R. J. Neves, C. F. E. Roper, G. Rosenberg, B. Roth, A. Scheltema, F. G. Thompson, M. Vecchione, and J. D. Williams. 1998. Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks. 2nd Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26, Bethesda, Maryland. 526 pp.