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Home/Species/ Wooton's Hawthorn

Crataegus wootoniana

Egglest.

Wooton's Hawthorn

G2Imperiled Found in 4 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G2ImperiledGlobal Rank
MediumThreat Impact
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.140426
Element CodePDROS0H5J0
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicendemic to a single state or province
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderRosales
FamilyRosaceae
GenusCrataegus
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Conservation Status
Rank MethodLegacy Rank calculation - Excel v3.1x
Review Date2015-06-24
Change Date1999-12-27
Edition Date2015-06-24
Edition AuthorsJuanita A. R. Ladyman, rev. A. Tomaino (2015)
Threat ImpactMedium
Range Extent1000-5000 square km (about 400-2000 square miles)
Number of Occurrences1 - 20
Rank Reasons
A regional endemic known from several mountain ranges in New Mexico. There are likely to be less than ten occurrences of this species and it grows in a fragile habitat. Most publications and herbarium specimens indicate its most frequent habitat is on stream banks. Therefore, any activity that reduces riparian habitat will pose a threat to the species and riparian habitat is known to be declining within its range.
Range Extent Comments
Known only from the Mogollon, Pinos Altos, Sacramento, and White mountains in New Mexico (Bell et al. 1999; Carter 1999; Phipps 1998).
Occurrences Comments
Four occurrences (three of which are ranked historical) are in the NatureServe central database as of May 2015. Eleven specimens were examined by Phipps (1998) with dates from 1899 to 1995 (three of these eleven were from the 1990's). SEINet does not show detailed information about specimens to protect the species. (Total number of specimens in SEINet database is 41, which likely includes duplicate and historical specimens.)
Threat Impact Comments
Most publications and herbarium specimens indicate its most frequent habitat is on stream banks (Phipps 1998, Wooton and Standley 1915). Therefore any activity that reduces riparian habitat will pose a threat to the species. Riparian habitat is declining within its range due to development projects most often associated with livestock grazing. It is unknown what the direct impact of grazing is on this species. Increasing drought due to climate change may also be a threat to this species (Enquist and Gori 2008). Alteration of the fire regime may also be a threat.
Ecology & Habitat

Diagnostic Characteristics

Crataegus wootoniana has leaf margins that are distinctly lobed (3-4 broad lobes on each side of the upper two-thirds of the leaf) with fine marginal teeth that are not strongly glandular-tipped (in contrast to C. erythropoda) (Carter 1999).

Habitat

Canyon bottoms and forest understory in lower montane coniferous forest (Carter 1999). This species grows along streams at 1,959-2,450 m (6,500 to 8,000 feet) in the Rocky Mountain Montane Conifer Forest zone. Associated species include Acer negundo, Alnus fraxinus, and ponderosa pine. Grassy areas with ponderosa pine, sometimes near creeks (Phipps 1998).
Terrestrial Habitats
Forest/WoodlandForest - Conifer
Palustrine Habitats
Riparian
Other Nations (1)
United StatesN2
ProvinceRankNative
New MexicoS2Yes
Threat Assessments
ThreatScopeSeverityTiming
2 - Agriculture & aquacultureLarge (31-70%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. decline—
2.3 - Livestock farming & ranchingLarge (31-70%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. decline—
7 - Natural system modificationsRestricted (11-30%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. decline—
7.1 - Fire & fire suppressionRestricted (11-30%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. decline—
11 - Climate change & severe weatherLarge (31-70%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. decline—
11.2 - DroughtsLarge (31-70%)Moderate or 11-30% pop. decline—

—

Plant Characteristics
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (4)
New Mexico (4)
AreaForestAcres
Contiguous To Gila Wilderness & Primitive AreaGila National Forest79,049
Jefferies CanyonLincoln National Forest8,934
Meadow CreekGila National Forest34,167
Tucson MountainLincoln National Forest16,905
References (15)
  1. Bell, G, J. Baumgartner, J. Humke, A. Laurenzi, P. McCarthy, P. Mehlhop, K. Rich, M. Silbert, E. Smith, B. Spicer, T. Sullivan, and S. Yanoff. 1999. Ecoregional Conservation Analysis of the Arizona - New Mexico Mountains. The Nature Conservancy, Santa Fe, New Mexico. [https://www.conservationgateway.org/ConservationPlanning/SettingPriorities/EcoregionalReports/Documents/AZNMEcor.pdf]
  2. Carter, J. 1999. New Mexico Rare Plants: <i>Crataegus wootoniana</i> (Wooton's hawthorn) New Mexico Rare Plant Technical Council, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Online. Available: http://nmrareplants.unm.edu (Accessed 2015).
  3. Eggleston, W. W. 1907. Crategeus in New Mexico. Torreya 7(12): 235-236.
  4. Enquist, C. and D. Gori. 2008. A climate change vulnerability assessment for biodiversity in New Mexico, Part I: Implications of recent climate change on conservation priorities in New Mexico. The Nature Conservancy in New Mexico, Climate Change Ecology &amp; Adaptation Program. [http://nmconservation.org/dl/NMClimateChange_report1_527.pdf]
  5. Felger, R., and K. Kindscher. 2010. Trees of the Gila Forest Region, New Mexico. Proceedings of the Second Natural History of the Gila Symposium, October 2008 / New Mexico Botanist, Special issue No. 2: 38-66.
  6. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2014b. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 9. Magnoliophyta: Picramniaceae to Rosaceae. Oxford University Press, New York. xxiv + 713 pp.
  7. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  8. Kearney, T.H., R.H. Peebles, J.T. Howell, and E. McClintock. 1960. Arizona Flora. Revised 2nd Edition with supplement. University of California Press, Berkeley, California. 1085 pp.
  9. Martin, W.C., and C.R. Hutchins. 1980-1981. A flora of New Mexico. 2 vols. J. Cramer, in der A.R. Gantner Verlag, K.G., Vaduz, Liechtenstein. 2591 pp.
  10. Missouri Botanical Garden. 2015. Plant Finder for <i>Crataegus douglasii. </i>Online. Available: http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=286489&amp;isprofile=1&amp;basic=Crataegus (Accessed 23 June 2015).
  11. New Mexico Natural Heritage Plant Protection Advisory Committee. 1983. A handbook of rare and endmic plants of New Mexico. Univ. of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.
  12. Phipps, J.B. 1998. Introdcution to the red-fruited hawthorns (<i>Crataegus</i>, Rosacea) of western North Americ. Can J. Bot 76: 1863-1899.
  13. Sivinski, R., and K. Lightfoot. 1995. Inventory of the rare and endangered plants of New Mexico, 3rd editon. Miscellanceous Publication No. 4. New Mexico Forestry and Resources Conservation Division, Energy, Minerals, and Natural Resources Department. 47 pp.
  14. Tidestrom, I., and T. Kittell. 1941. A flora of Arizona and New Mexico. Catholic Univ. of America Press, Washington, D.C.
  15. Wooton, E.O., and P.C. Standley. 1915. Flora of New Mexico. Contributions from the U.S. National Herbarium No. 19. Washington, D.C. 794 pp.