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Gentiana calycosa

Griseb.

Explorers' Gentian

GNRUnranked Found in 140 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
GNRUnrankedGlobal Rank
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.1332915
Element CodePDGEN06270
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderGentianales
FamilyGentianaceae
GenusGentiana
Other Common Names
Mountain Bog Gentian (EN) Mount Rainier Gentian (EN) Rainier Pleated Gentian (EN)
Concept Reference
Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2023. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 14. Magnoliophyta: Gentianaceae to Hydroleaceae. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxiv + 505 pp.
Taxonomic Comments
This record is for a broad treatment of Gentiana calycosa, including G. calycosa var. asepala as indistinct from typical G. calycosa, as recognized in Pringle's treatment in FNA (2023, vol. 14). Kartesz (1994, 1999) excludes G. calycosa var. asepala from G. calycosa, treating it as indistinct from G. parryi. G. calycosa var. asepala (Maguire) C.L. Hitchc. was described as G. calycosa ssp. asepela by Maguire (1942) from Idaho, Nevada, and Utah. Regarding morphological differences used to describe var./ssp. asepela, Pringle's treatment explains, "Because of the sporadic rather than continuous distribution of such forms, the intergradation, especially in the vicinity of Mount Rainier, Washington, and in parts of Montana, where populations may include plants approaching both extremes along with intermediates, and the lack of correlation with other morphological variation, such plants are not distinguished taxonomically in this flora." Pringle also indicates that plants on well-drained rocky slopes have been described as a distinct species (G. saxicola English) and while consistent associations with morphological variation were not substantiated by studies for FNA, more studies may show the need to recognize ecotypes taxonomically.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

According to Pringle in FNA (2023), "In most of its range, Gentiana calycosa grows in wet alpine meadows and similar moist habitats, but in the western Cascades it almost always grows in drier, north-facing sites on rocky slopes and cliffs. (T. Harvey, pers. comm.)."
Terrestrial Habitats
Grassland/herbaceousAlpine
Other Nations (2)
United StatesNNR
ProvinceRankNative
OregonSNRYes
WyomingS3Yes
UtahSNRYes
MontanaS4Yes
NevadaS3Yes
CaliforniaSNRYes
IdahoSNRYes
WashingtonSNRYes
CanadaN2
ProvinceRankNative
AlbertaS2Yes
British ColumbiaS2Yes
Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (140)
California (27)
AreaForestAcres
Bonanza KingShasta-Trinity National Forest16,402
Caples CreekEldorado National Forest17,854
Carson - IcebergStanislaus National Forest56,430
Cub CreekLassen National Forest8,643
DardanellesEldorado National Forest8,110
Dinkey LakesSierra National Forest34,171
Domeland Add.Sequoia National Forest3,046
Granite ChiefTahoe National Forest6,546
Grizzly PeakPlumas National Forest6,222
Grouse LakesTahoe National Forest19,085
JohnsonKlamath National Forest10,652
KangarooKlamath National Forest40,617
Lake EleanorShasta-Trinity National Forest397
Mt. EddyShasta-Trinity National Forest7,232
North Fork American RiverTahoe National Forest38,495
Orleans Mtn.Klamath National Forest49,090
PyramidEldorado National Forest24,347
Raymond PeakStanislaus National Forest3,646
Raymond PeakEldorado National Forest2,518
RinconSequoia National Forest54,610
San JoaquinSierra National Forest22,474
SiskiyouKlamath National Forest54,039
Siskiyou BSix Rivers National Forest18,871
SnoozerKlamath National Forest23,414
Tragedy - Elephants BackEldorado National Forest20,866
Weaver BallyShasta-Trinity National Forest829
WoodpeckerSequoia National Forest11,936
Idaho (10)
AreaForestAcres
Bighorn - WeitasNez Perce-Clearwater National Forest254,845
HoodooNez Perce-Clearwater National Forest153,868
NeedlesPayette National Forest131,279
North Lochsa SlopeNez Perce-Clearwater National Forest117,662
PalisadesCaribou-Targhee National Forest122,002
Peace RockBoise National Forest191,734
Pioneer MountainsSalmon-Challis National Forest172,460
Pioneer MountainsSawtooth National Forest119,563
SeceshPayette National Forest248,088
West Meadow CreekNez Perce-Clearwater National Forest115,949
Montana (34)
AreaForestAcres
Allan Mountain (01946)Bitterroot National Forest104,184
Anderson MountainBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest31,501
Bear - Marshall - Scapegoat - SwanLewis and Clark National Forest344,022
Bear - Marshall - Scapegoat - SwanLolo National Forest118,485
Bear - Marshall - Scapegoat - SwanHelena National Forest51,360
Beaver LakeBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest11,863
Big Horn MountainBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest50,846
Bmss Ra 1485Flathead National Forest334,275
East PioneerBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest145,082
FleecerBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest31,585
Fred BurrBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest5,814
Gallatin FringeGallatin National Forest51,571
HoodooLolo National Forest105,162
Hyalite - Porcupine - Buffalo Horn Wilderness Study AreaGallatin National Forest143,991
Lolo CreekLolo National Forest14,335
Lolo CreekBitterroot National Forest581
MadisonGallatin National Forest127,859
Marshall PeakLolo National Forest9,069
Meadow Creek - Upper North ForkLolo National Forest6,906
Middle Fork Judith WsaLewis and Clark National Forest81,131
Middle Mtn. / Tobacco RootsBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest96,487
North Big HoleBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest52,227
North CarpBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest6,600
SapphireBitterroot National Forest43,303
SapphiresBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest66,619
Selway - Bitterroot (01067)Bitterroot National Forest114,953
Sheep Mountain - StatelineLolo National Forest37,844
Silver KingBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest64,289
Stevens PeakLolo National Forest647
Storm LakeBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest9,324
Upper East ForkBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest8,905
VigilanteBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest15,893
West Big HoleBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest133,563
West PioneerBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest248,631
Nevada (6)
AreaForestAcres
Bald Mtn.Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest41,598
Humboldt - Angel LkHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest1,008
Ruby - Lamoille CynHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest32,771
Ruby - MarshHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest10,164
Ruby - SegundaHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest12,532
Ruby - ThompsonHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest5,289
Oregon (16)
AreaForestAcres
Boulder ParkWallowa-Whitman National Forest12,141
EagleMt. Hood National Forest16,841
Echo MountainWillamette National Forest8,098
Greenhorn MountainMalheur National Forest15,936
Greenhorn Mtn.Umatilla National Forest11,191
Hurricane CreekWallowa-Whitman National Forest1,606
Imnaha FaceWallowa-Whitman National Forest29,575
Little Eagle MeadowsWallowa-Whitman National Forest6,984
Little SheepWallowa-Whitman National Forest5,238
Mt. Hood AdditionsMt. Hood National Forest13,061
ReservoirWallowa-Whitman National Forest13,641
Salmon - HuckleberryMt. Hood National Forest17,570
Sky Lakes AWinema National Forest3,940
Twin MountainWallowa-Whitman National Forest58,533
Upper Catherine CreekWallowa-Whitman National Forest6,446
Upper Grande RondeWallowa-Whitman National Forest11,723
Utah (5)
AreaForestAcres
0419020Ashley National Forest355,684
Fishlake MountainFishlake National Forest25,217
High Uintas (UT)Wasatch-Cache National Forest102,398
Hilgard MountainFishlake National Forest28,389
LakesWasatch-Cache National Forest121,967
Washington (31)
AreaForestAcres
Alpine Lakes Adj.Wenatchee National Forest57,104
Blue SlideWenatchee National Forest17,505
Boulder RiverMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest32,563
BourbonGifford Pinchot National Forest4,512
ChambersGifford Pinchot National Forest2,006
ChelanWenatchee National Forest74,650
Dark DivideGifford Pinchot National Forest52,483
Dixon MountainGifford Pinchot National Forest6,339
Eagle RockMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest34,064
EntiatWenatchee National Forest72,617
Glacier Peak BMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest19,328
Glacier Peak JMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest26,482
Glacier Peak KMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest47,269
Glacier Peak LMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest14,084
Goat Rocks AdjWenatchee National Forest6,108
Gotchen CreekGifford Pinchot National Forest7,518
HorseshoeGifford Pinchot National Forest7,579
Liberty BellOkanogan National Forest108,495
Myrtle LakeWenatchee National Forest11,133
Nason RidgeWenatchee National Forest19,329
Pasayten RimOkanogan National Forest17,074
PompeyGifford Pinchot National Forest23,985
QuilceneOlympic National Forest18,656
Red LakeGifford Pinchot National Forest2,162
Rock CreekWenatchee National Forest32,239
SawtoothOkanogan National Forest122,194
Silver StarGifford Pinchot National Forest7,779
South MidwayGifford Pinchot National Forest2,384
South QuinaultOlympic National Forest11,081
TeanawayWenatchee National Forest72,849
West AdamsGifford Pinchot National Forest2,238
Wyoming (11)
AreaForestAcres
French CreekMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest5,928
Gros Ventre MountainsBridger-Teton National Forest106,418
Libby FlatsMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest11,107
Mosquito Lake - Seven LakesBridger-Teton National Forest51,950
Pacific Creek - Blackrock CreekBridger-Teton National Forest24,658
PalisadesTarghee National Forest1,121
Phillips RidgeBridger-Teton National Forest10,108
Snowy RangeMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest29,660
Spread Creek - Gros Ventre RiverBridger-Teton National Forest166,097
West Slope TetonsTarghee National Forest47,448
Wilderness Study AreaTarghee National Forest51,961
References (4)
  1. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2023. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 14. Magnoliophyta: Gentianaceae to Hydroleaceae. Oxford Univ. Press, New York. xxiv + 505 pp.
  2. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  3. Kartesz, J.T. 1999. A synonymized checklist and atlas with biological attributes for the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. First edition. In: Kartesz, J.T., and C.A. Meacham. Synthesis of the North American Flora, Version 1.0. North Carolina Botanical Garden, Chapel Hill, N.C.
  4. Maguire, B. 1942. Great Basin plants. VI. Notes on <i>Gentiana</i>. Madroño 6(5):151-153.