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Home/Species/ Douglas' Hawthorn

Crataegus douglasii

Lindl.

Douglas' Hawthorn

G4Apparently Secure Found in 38 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G4Apparently SecureGlobal Rank
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.735753
Element CodePDROS0H850
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderRosales
FamilyRosaceae
GenusCrataegus
Synonyms
Crataegus douglasii var. douglasii
Other Common Names
Black Hawthorn (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1999. A synonymized checklist and atlas with biological attributes for the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. First edition. In: Kartesz, J.T., and C.A. Meacham. Synthesis of the North American Flora, Version 1.0. North Carolina Botanical Garden, Chapel Hill, N.C.
Taxonomic Comments
Kartesz 1999 broadens the concept of Crataegus douglasii var. douglasii from his former (1994) treatment by including material treated as C. columbiana var. columbiana (Kartesz 1994). FNA (vol. 9, 2014) does not recognize any varieties under C. douglasii and also includes C. columbiana var. columbiana in C. douglasii. Additionally, FNA (vol. 9, 2014) places C. douglasii var. duchesnensis of Kartesz (1994, 1999) in Crataegus saligna. Therefore, C. douglasii of FNA (vol. 9, 2014) is equivalent to C. douglasii var. douglasii of Kartesz (1999).
Conservation Status
Review Date1990-07-10
Change Date1990-07-10
Range Extent20,000-2,500,000 square km (about 8000-1,000,000 square miles)
Rank Reasons
Patchy distribution in western North America, with thousands of occurrences.
Range Extent Comments
Southeastern Alaska to California, with disjunct populations in Michigan and Ontario.
Ecology & Habitat

Habitat

Moist forests and woodlands.

Ecology

Hawthorns typically grow in early-successional habitats or forest openings, either following disturbance or due to shallow soils, such as rock outcrops, that prevent growth of extensive forest canopy (Lance 2014). As such, they are typically shade intolerant at maturity (Lance 2014). In open habitats, hawthorns can proliferate and serve as important components of the ecosystem, providing ecosystem services such as: an escape from predators and protection for bird nests in dense, thorny branches; a food source for many birds and mammals; a nectar and pollen source for many insects; and as nurse plants for deciduous trees, which may impact succession (FNA 2014, Lance 2014).

Reproduction

Fruits are consumed by many bird species, particularly medium-sized passerines, and a few mammals, including deer, bear, opossum, raccoon, skunk, fox, rabbit, and rodent (FNA 2014, Lance 2014).
Other Nations (2)
United StatesNNR
ProvinceRankNative
CaliforniaSNRYes
WashingtonSNRYes
AlaskaSHYes
IdahoSNRYes
MinnesotaS3Yes
MichiganS3Yes
MontanaS4Yes
WisconsinSNRYes
OregonSNRYes
CanadaN4
ProvinceRankNative
British ColumbiaSNRYes
AlbertaS3Yes
SaskatchewanS2Yes
OntarioS4Yes
Plant Characteristics
DurationPERENNIAL, DECIDUOUS, SPRING-FLOWERING
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (38)
Idaho (3)
AreaForestAcres
HoodooNez Perce-Clearwater National Forest153,868
PalisadesCaribou-Targhee National Forest122,002
Peace RockBoise National Forest191,734
Montana (4)
AreaForestAcres
Allan Mountain (01946)Bitterroot National Forest104,184
Buckhorn Ridge (MT)Kootenai National Forest34,716
Cube Iron - SilcoxLolo National Forest36,998
Reservation DivideLolo National Forest16,908
Oregon (10)
AreaForestAcres
Greenhorn MountainMalheur National Forest15,936
Greenhorn Mtn.Umatilla National Forest11,191
HellholeUmatilla National Forest65,679
HomesteadWallowa-Whitman National Forest5,817
Lord Flat Somers PointWallowa-Whitman National Forest67,738
Mountain SheepWallowa-Whitman National Forest19,457
Mt. JeffersonDeschutes National Forest2,282
Snake RiverWallowa-Whitman National Forest31,229
Twin LakesMt. Hood National Forest6,055
Walla Walla RiverUmatilla National Forest34,416
Utah (6)
AreaForestAcres
418017Uinta National Forest19,631
418024Uinta National Forest51,699
Lewis PeakWasatch-Cache National Forest11,616
Mahogany RangeWasatch-Cache National Forest11,409
Mt. Logan SouthWasatch-Cache National Forest17,014
Mt. Logan WestWasatch-Cache National Forest5,285
Washington (7)
AreaForestAcres
Alpine Lakes Adj.Wenatchee National Forest57,104
Big Lava BedGifford Pinchot National Forest19,043
Canyon CreekWenatchee National Forest7,983
Nason RidgeWenatchee National Forest19,329
Rock CreekWenatchee National Forest32,239
TeanawayWenatchee National Forest72,849
Twin LakesWenatchee National Forest22,496
Wyoming (8)
AreaForestAcres
Grayback RidgeBridger-Teton National Forest295,113
Pacific Creek - Blackrock CreekBridger-Teton National Forest24,658
PalisadesTarghee National Forest1,121
Phillips RidgeBridger-Teton National Forest10,108
Piney CreekBighorn National Forest22,240
Spread Creek - Gros Ventre RiverBridger-Teton National Forest166,097
West Slope TetonsTarghee National Forest47,448
Wilderness Study AreaTarghee National Forest51,961
References (3)
  1. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (FNA). 2014b. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 9. Magnoliophyta: Picramniaceae to Rosaceae. Oxford University Press, New York. xxiv + 713 pp.
  2. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
  3. Kartesz, J.T. 1999. A synonymized checklist and atlas with biological attributes for the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. First edition. In: Kartesz, J.T., and C.A. Meacham. Synthesis of the North American Flora, Version 1.0. North Carolina Botanical Garden, Chapel Hill, N.C.