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Letharia vulpina

(L.) Hue

Wolf Lichen

G5Secure Found in 265 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
G5SecureGlobal Rank
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.122136
Element CodeNLLEC0B020
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryFungus
Endemicoccurs (regularly, as a native taxon) in multiple nations
KingdomFungi
PhylumAscomycota
ClassLecanoromycetes
OrderLecanorales
FamilyParmeliaceae
GenusLetharia
Other Common Names
wolf lichen (EN)
Concept Reference
Esslinger, T.L. and R.S. Egan. 1995. A sixth checklist of the lichen-forming, lichenicolous, and allied fungi of the continental United States and Canada. The Bryologist 98(4): 467-549.
Conservation Status
Rank MethodExpertise without calculation
Review Date2015-10-02
Change Date2001-01-21
Edition Date2000-11-20
Edition AuthorsMcDonald, L.
Rank Reasons
"This species is widespread in western North America; common throughout the Pacific Northwest but most conspicuous east of the Cascades" (McCune and Geiser 1997).
Ecology & Habitat
Other Nations (2)
United StatesNNR
ProvinceRankNative
ColoradoSNRYes
WyomingSNRYes
UtahSNRYes
MontanaSNRYes
CanadaN5
ProvinceRankNative
SaskatchewanS1Yes
AlbertaS4Yes
British ColumbiaS5Yes
Yukon TerritorySUYes
Plant Characteristics
Economic Value (Genus)No
Roadless Areas (265)
California (112)
AreaForestAcres
AgnewSequoia National Forest9,561
AntimonyLos Padres National Forest40,911
Barker ValleyCleveland National Forest11,940
Bell MeadowStanislaus National Forest7,968
Birch CreekInyo National Forest28,816
Black ButteMendocino National Forest15,461
Black Mtn.Sequoia National Forest15,102
Bonanza KingShasta-Trinity National Forest16,402
Bucks LakePlumas National Forest680
Butt Mtn.Lassen National Forest8,217
Cactus Springs BSan Bernardino National Forest3,106
Cahuilla MountainSan Bernardino National Forest6,952
CalienteCleveland National Forest5,953
Callahan FlowModoc National Forest6,618
Caples CreekEldorado National Forest17,854
Carson - IcebergStanislaus National Forest56,430
Castle Crags AShasta-Trinity National Forest113
Castle Crags BShasta-Trinity National Forest1,619
Castle PeakTahoe National Forest14,974
ChannellSequoia National Forest45,429
ChicoSequoia National Forest39,836
ChinquapinShasta-Trinity National Forest22,040
Chips CreekPlumas National Forest12,940
Chips CreekLassen National Forest29,089
City CreekSan Bernardino National Forest9,997
Crane Mtn.Modoc National Forest1,269
Crystal CreekSan Bernardino National Forest6,783
Cub CreekLassen National Forest8,643
Cutca ValleyCleveland National Forest14,530
DardanellesEldorado National Forest8,110
Deep CreekSan Bernardino National Forest23,869
Devil GulchSierra National Forest30,490
Devil's Gate (CA)Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest9,946
Dinkey LakesSierra National Forest34,171
DomeStanislaus National Forest11,085
Domeland Add.Sequoia National Forest3,046
Duncan CanyonTahoe National Forest8,621
EagleShasta-Trinity National Forest6,553
EagleStanislaus National Forest16,116
East YubaTahoe National Forest17,968
Fawn LakeEldorado National Forest1,153
Granite ChiefTahoe National Forest6,546
Granite PeakSan Bernardino National Forest450
Greenhorn CreekSequoia National Forest28,226
GrindstoneMendocino National Forest26,031
Grouse LakesTahoe National Forest19,085
Heart LakeLassen National Forest9,349
Hixon FlatSan Bernardino National Forest8,095
Hoover - NorthHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest1,574
Horse Creek RidgeSan Bernardino National Forest8,969
Horse Mdw.Inyo National Forest5,687
Iceberg - Mill CreekHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest26,988
Jennie LakeSequoia National Forest2,388
KangarooKlamath National Forest40,617
Kings RiverSierra National Forest52,999
Lake EleanorShasta-Trinity National Forest397
LavasModoc National Forest25,864
Little French CShasta-Trinity National Forest11,529
ManzanaLos Padres National Forest2,101
MatilijaLos Padres National Forest5,218
Middle ForkPlumas National Forest29,278
Middle YubaTahoe National Forest7,379
Mill CreekSequoia National Forest27,643
Mill PeakSan Bernardino National Forest7,884
MonarchSierra National Forest697
MosesSequoia National Forest22,077
Mt. JacksonHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest20,721
Mt. RaymondSierra National Forest6,965
Mt. BidwellModoc National Forest11,687
Mt. EddyShasta-Trinity National Forest7,232
Mt. HoffmanModoc National Forest9,780
Mt. LassicSix Rivers National Forest6,643
Mt. RebaStanislaus National Forest3,869
Mt. Shasta AShasta-Trinity National Forest676
Mt. Shasta BShasta-Trinity National Forest2,809
Mt. VidaModoc National Forest7,771
NightStanislaus National Forest3,173
North Fork American RiverTahoe National Forest38,495
North Fork Middle Fork American RiverTahoe National Forest11,245
North MountainStanislaus National Forest7,856
Onion SpringsLassen National Forest2,421
Orleans Mtn.Klamath National Forest49,090
PantherShasta-Trinity National Forest12,016
PepperdineModoc National Forest10
Pleasant ViewAngeles National Forest26,395
Poison HoleEldorado National Forest2,627
PyramidEldorado National Forest24,347
Pyramid Peak BSan Bernardino National Forest7,194
Raymond PeakStanislaus National Forest3,646
RinconSequoia National Forest54,610
Rock Creek WestInyo National Forest3,626
RussianKlamath National Forest21,771
San JoaquinSierra National Forest22,474
Sawmill - BadlandsLos Padres National Forest51,362
Sill HillCleveland National Forest5,294
Skeleton GladeMendocino National Forest9,237
Slate Mtn.Sequoia National Forest12,299
SnoozerKlamath National Forest23,414
Snow MountainMendocino National Forest14,457
SoldierModoc National Forest10,102
South SierraSequoia National Forest8,008
South SierraInyo National Forest41,853
SugarloafSan Bernardino National Forest8,206
Timbered CraterLassen National Forest4,096
Tragedy - Elephants BackEldorado National Forest20,866
Trail LakeLassen National Forest1,124
WaterhouseStanislaus National Forest4,394
Weaver BallyShasta-Trinity National Forest829
West GirardShasta-Trinity National Forest37,516
West YubaTahoe National Forest16,059
Wild Cattle MtnLassen National Forest4,965
WoodpeckerSequoia National Forest11,936
Idaho (9)
AreaForestAcres
HoodooNez Perce-Clearwater National Forest153,868
Italian PeakCaribou-Targhee National Forest141,158
Lemhi RangeSalmon-Challis National Forest308,533
NeedlesPayette National Forest131,279
PalisadesCaribou-Targhee National Forest122,002
Peace RockBoise National Forest191,734
Pioneer MountainsSawtooth National Forest119,563
Pioneer MountainsSalmon-Challis National Forest172,460
SeceshPayette National Forest248,088
Montana (43)
AreaForestAcres
Bear - Marshall - Scapegoat - SwanLewis and Clark National Forest344,022
Bear - Marshall - Scapegoat - SwanHelena National Forest51,360
Bear - Marshall - Scapegoat - SwanLolo National Forest118,485
Bmss Ra 1485Flathead National Forest334,275
BridgerGallatin National Forest45,059
Buckhorn Ridge (MT)Kootenai National Forest34,716
Cabin Creek Wildlife Management Area OcdGallatin National Forest35,048
Cabinet Face East #671Kootenai National Forest50,326
Call MountainBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest8,796
Cube Iron - SilcoxLolo National Forest36,998
East PioneerBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest145,082
Electric PeakHelena National Forest27,872
ElkhornHelena National Forest75,468
Evans GulchLolo National Forest8,059
Flagstaff Mountain #690Kootenai National Forest11,114
Freezeout MountainBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest97,305
Gallatin FringeGallatin National Forest51,571
Gold Hill #668Kootenai National Forest6,455
HighlandsBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest20,044
HoodooLolo National Forest105,162
Hyalite - Porcupine - Buffalo Horn Wilderness Study AreaGallatin National Forest143,991
Italian PeakBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest90,401
Jerico MountainHelena National Forest8,445
Lazyman GulchHelena National Forest11,614
Line Creek PlateauCuster National Forest24,825
LionheadGallatin National Forest33,549
MadisonGallatin National Forest127,859
Mt. Gmt Area HCuster National Forest1,335
Nevada MountainHelena National Forest50,135
North AbsarokaGallatin National Forest159,075
Patricks Knob - North CutoffLolo National Forest16,970
Red Lodge Creek HellroaringCuster National Forest17,210
Reservation DivideLolo National Forest16,908
Roderick #684Kootenai National Forest29,677
Selway - Bitterroot (01067)Bitterroot National Forest114,953
Sheep Mountain - StatelineLolo National Forest37,844
Silver KingBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest64,289
South Siegel - South CutoffLolo National Forest13,474
Specimen CreekHelena National Forest12,368
Storm LakeBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest9,324
Upper East ForkBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest8,905
West Big HoleBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest133,563
West PioneerBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest248,631
Nevada (2)
AreaForestAcres
Rose - GalenaHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest3,711
Rose - Whites CanyonHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest2,568
Oregon (49)
AreaForestAcres
Badger CreekMt. Hood National Forest847
BearwallowsDeschutes National Forest7,317
Bend WatershedDeschutes National Forest14,829
Calf - Copeland CreekUmpqua National Forest15,696
Charlton ButteWillamette National Forest3,031
Crane MountainFremont National Forest23,096
Dixie ButteMalheur National Forest12,208
Glacier MountainMalheur National Forest20,661
Greenhorn MountainMalheur National Forest15,936
Greenhorn Mtn.Umatilla National Forest11,191
Hardesty MountainWillamette National Forest3,754
Hardesty MountainUmpqua National Forest2,597
HellholeUmatilla National Forest65,679
Hurricane CreekWallowa-Whitman National Forest1,606
Imnaha FaceWallowa-Whitman National Forest29,575
Joseph CanyonWallowa-Whitman National Forest24,288
Jumpoff JoeUmatilla National Forest5,516
Lake ForkWallowa-Whitman National Forest21,936
Lick CreekWallowa-Whitman National Forest1,956
Limpy RockUmpqua National Forest6,782
Little SheepWallowa-Whitman National Forest5,238
Lookout MountainOchoco National Forest14,115
Lord Flat Somers PointWallowa-Whitman National Forest67,738
Maiden PeakDeschutes National Forest26,432
Maiden PeakWillamette National Forest9,627
MarshWinema National Forest1,226
Mcclellan MountainMalheur National Forest21,213
Moose LakeWillamette National Forest5,013
Mt. JeffersonDeschutes National Forest2,282
Mt. BaileyUmpqua National Forest18,401
Mt. Hood AdditionsMt. Hood National Forest13,061
Mt. ThielsenWinema National Forest1,153
Nipple ButteMalheur National Forest11,354
North Fork MalheurMalheur National Forest18,069
North PaulinaDeschutes National Forest19,670
OdessaWinema National Forest146
Sheep DivideWallowa-Whitman National Forest16,201
SherwoodUmpqua National Forest2,449
Sky Lakes AWinema National Forest3,940
Snake RiverWallowa-Whitman National Forest31,229
South KalmiopsisSiskiyou National Forests104,477
South PaulinaDeschutes National Forest9,074
Twin LakesMt. Hood National Forest6,055
Twin MountainWallowa-Whitman National Forest58,533
W. BoundaryWinema National Forest2,345
WaldoDeschutes National Forest4,973
Waldo - FujiWillamette National Forest15,273
Waldo - LakeWillamette National Forest2,993
West - South BachelorDeschutes National Forest25,994
Washington (31)
AreaForestAcres
Alpine Lakes Adj.Wenatchee National Forest57,104
Black CanyonOkanogan National Forest9,681
Blue SlideWenatchee National Forest17,505
ChelanWenatchee National Forest74,650
Dark DivideGifford Pinchot National Forest52,483
Devils GulchWenatchee National Forest24,419
EntiatWenatchee National Forest72,617
Goat Rocks AdjWenatchee National Forest6,108
Gotchen CreekGifford Pinchot National Forest7,518
Grassy TopColville National Forest10,302
Liberty BellOkanogan National Forest108,495
LightningOlympic National Forest7,179
Long SwampOkanogan National Forest66,344
ManastashWenatchee National Forest11,155
Mt. BonaparteOkanogan National Forest10,891
NaneumWenatchee National Forest4,508
Nason RidgeWenatchee National Forest19,329
Norse PeakWenatchee National Forest10,169
Pasayten RimOkanogan National Forest17,074
QuartzWenatchee National Forest8,550
QuilceneOlympic National Forest18,656
Rock CreekWenatchee National Forest32,239
Salmo - Priest BColville National Forest11,869
SawtoothOkanogan National Forest122,194
Slide RidgeWenatchee National Forest11,430
SpanglerUmatilla National Forest5,936
TaneumWenatchee National Forest26,140
TeanawayWenatchee National Forest72,849
Thorp Mtn.Wenatchee National Forest22,717
Upper TucannonUmatilla National Forest12,485
Wenatchee CreekUmatilla National Forest15,315
Wyoming (19)
AreaForestAcres
Beartooth Proposed WildernessShoshone National Forest16,837
Cloud Peak ContiguousBighorn National Forest113,757
Grayback RidgeBridger-Teton National Forest295,113
Gros Ventre MountainsBridger-Teton National Forest106,418
Horse Creek MesaBighorn National Forest77,808
Leigh CreekBighorn National Forest19,180
Middle ForkShoshone National Forest51,772
Pacific Creek - Blackrock CreekBridger-Teton National Forest24,658
PalisadesTarghee National Forest1,121
Phillips RidgeBridger-Teton National Forest10,108
Rock CreekBighorn National Forest48,657
South Beartooth HighwayShoshone National Forest105,570
Spread Creek - Gros Ventre RiverBridger-Teton National Forest166,097
Teton Corridor TrailheadsBridger-Teton National Forest286
Walker PrairieBighorn National Forest62,434
West Slope TetonsTarghee National Forest47,448
West Slope WindsBridger-Teton National Forest143,252
Wilderness Study AreaTarghee National Forest51,961
Winegar HoleTarghee National Forest247
References (4)
  1. Esslinger, T. L. 2018. A cumulative checklist for the lichen-forming, lichenicolous and allied fungi of the continental United States and Canada, Version 22. Opuscula Philolichenum 17:6-268. [http://sweetgum.nybg.org/philolichenum/]
  2. Esslinger, T.L. and R.S. Egan. 1995. A sixth checklist of the lichen-forming, lichenicolous, and allied fungi of the continental United States and Canada. The Bryologist 98(4): 467-549.
  3. Hutten, M., U. Arup, O. Breuss, T. L. Esslinger, A. M. Fryday, K. Knudsen, J. C. Lendemer, C. Printzen, H. T. Root, M. Schultz, J. Sheard, T. Tønsberg, and B. McCune. 2013. Lichens and Lichenicolous Fungi of Yosemite National Park, California. North American Fungi 8(11): 1-47. doi: http://dx.doi:10.2509/naf2013.008.011
  4. McCune, B. and L. Geiser. 1997. Macrolichens of the Pacific Northwest. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis, Oregon. A co-publication with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service. 386 pp.