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Trifolium repens

L.

White Clover

GNRUnranked Found in 418 roadless areas NatureServe Explorer →
GNRUnrankedGlobal Rank
Identity
Unique IDELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.147168
Element CodePDFAB40220
Record TypeSPECIES
ClassificationSpecies
Classification StatusStandard
Name CategoryVascular Plant
KingdomPlantae
PhylumAnthophyta
ClassDicotyledoneae
OrderFabales
FamilyFabaceae
GenusTrifolium
Other Common Names
Trèfle blanc (FR) white clover (EN)
Concept Reference
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.
Conservation Status
Change Date1994-03-22
Ecology & Habitat
Other Nations (2)
CanadaNNA
ProvinceRankNative
SaskatchewanSNANo
ManitobaSNANo
Yukon TerritorySNANo
AlbertaSNANo
Nova ScotiaSNANo
Island of NewfoundlandSNANo
Prince Edward IslandSNANo
New BrunswickSNANo
Northwest TerritoriesSNANo
LabradorSNANo
QuebecSNANo
OntarioSNANo
British ColumbiaSNANo
United StatesNNA
ProvinceRankNative
IllinoisSNANo
HawaiiSNANo
WashingtonSNANo
New JerseySNANo
ConnecticutSNANo
WisconsinSNANo
UtahSNANo
CaliforniaSNANo
ArizonaSNANo
DelawareSNANo
Rhode IslandSNANo
WyomingSNANo
OhioSNANo
MinnesotaSNANo
PennsylvaniaSNANo
FloridaSNANo
TexasSNANo
North CarolinaSNANo
MarylandSNANo
North DakotaSNANo
VermontSNANo
ColoradoSNANo
NevadaSNANo
MaineSNANo
MississippiSNANo
District of ColumbiaSNANo
GeorgiaSNANo
MissouriSNANo
IowaSNANo
New HampshireSNANo
AlaskaSNANo
IndianaSNANo
AlabamaSNANo
MassachusettsSNANo
New YorkSNANo
IdahoSNANo
VirginiaSNANo
South CarolinaSNANo
KentuckySNANo
NebraskaSNANo
KansasSNANo
South DakotaSNANo
OklahomaSNANo
New MexicoSNANo
ArkansasSNANo
MichiganSNANo
LouisianaSNANo
MontanaSNANo
TennesseeSNANo
West VirginiaSNANo
OregonSNANo
Plant Characteristics
Economic Value (Genus)Yes
Roadless Areas (418)
Alabama (1)
AreaForestAcres
Blue MountainTalladega National Forest4,986
Alaska (49)
AreaForestAcres
Behm IslandsTongass National Forest4,777
Bering LakeChugach National Forest965,076
Boston BarChugach National Forest53,617
Brabazon AdditionTongass National Forest498,819
ChichagofTongass National Forest555,858
Chilkat-West Lynn CanalTongass National Forest199,772
ChristovalTongass National Forest9,129
Chugach-12Chugach National Forest8,116
Chugach-13Chugach National Forest13,337
ClevelandTongass National Forest189,447
College FiordChugach National Forest1,130,818
Copper River WetlandsChugach National Forest85,972
Douglas IslandTongass National Forest28,065
El CapitanTongass National Forest26,693
Fidalgo-GravinaChugach National Forest257,968
Freshwater BayTongass National Forest44,933
Game CreekTongass National Forest54,469
GravinaTongass National Forest37,381
HyderTongass National Forest121,723
Johnson PassChugach National Forest152,508
Juneau UrbanTongass National Forest101,581
Juneau-Skagway IcefieldTongass National Forest1,187,268
KartaTongass National Forest52,117
Kenai LakeChugach National Forest213,172
Kenai MountainsChugach National Forest306,600
KosciuskoTongass National Forest64,134
LindenbergTongass National Forest25,855
MadanTongass National Forest68,553
Mansfield PeninsulaTongass National Forest54,991
Middle KruzofTongass National Forest14,724
Nellie JuanChugach National Forest713,697
North BaranofTongass National Forest314,089
North KruzofTongass National Forest33,146
North KupreanofTongass National Forest114,660
North RevillaTongass National Forest215,430
North WrangellTongass National Forest8,091
QuartzTongass National Forest143,003
RedoubtTongass National Forest68,347
ResurrectionChugach National Forest224,615
RevillaTongass National Forest29,298
RhineTongass National Forest23,010
Roaded DonutChugach National Forest968
Sheridan GlacierChugach National Forest224,683
Sitka UrbanTongass National Forest112,003
Taku-SnettishamTongass National Forest664,928
Tenakee RidgeTongass National Forest20,527
Twenty MileChugach National Forest198,775
Upper SitukTongass National Forest16,789
Yakutat ForelandsTongass National Forest323,648
Arizona (5)
AreaForestAcres
Ash CreekPrescott National Forest7,663
Barbershop CanyonCoconino National Forest1,311
Cdo WsaCoronado National Forest1,955
Lower San FranciscoApache-Sitgreaves National Forests59,310
Sierra Ancha Wilderness ContiguousTonto National Forest7,787
Arkansas (1)
AreaForestAcres
Gee CreekOzark-St. Francis National Forest7,957
California (47)
AreaForestAcres
AgnewSequoia National Forest9,561
Bell MeadowStanislaus National Forest7,968
Black Mtn.Sequoia National Forest15,102
City CreekSan Bernardino National Forest9,997
Coyote NorthInyo National Forest11,932
Coyote SoutheastInyo National Forest53,159
Crane Mtn.Modoc National Forest1,269
Deep CreekSan Bernardino National Forest23,869
Devil GulchSierra National Forest30,490
Dinkey LakesSierra National Forest34,171
East YubaTahoe National Forest17,968
Granite ChiefTahoe National Forest6,546
Heart LakeLassen National Forest9,349
Hoover - Mt.olsenHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest624
Horse Mdw.Inyo National Forest5,687
Jennie LakeSequoia National Forest2,388
KellySix Rivers National Forest5,195
Log Cabin SaddlebagInyo National Forest15,165
Magic MountainAngeles National Forest15,542
Middle ForkPlumas National Forest29,278
Mill PeakSan Bernardino National Forest7,884
MonarchSierra National Forest697
Monkey CreekSix Rivers National Forest9,017
MosesSequoia National Forest22,077
Mt. EddyShasta-Trinity National Forest7,232
Mt. OlsenInyo National Forest2,161
Mt. Shasta BShasta-Trinity National Forest2,809
Mt. VidaModoc National Forest7,771
Nevahbe RidgeInyo National Forest302
North Fork American RiverTahoe National Forest38,495
North Fork SmithSix Rivers National Forest37,898
North LakeInyo National Forest2,406
Orleans Mtn. BSix Rivers National Forest17,183
PacksaddleSix Rivers National Forest3,862
PaiuteInyo National Forest58,712
Raymond PeakStanislaus National Forest3,646
Robinson PeakHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest5,835
Rock Creek WestInyo National Forest3,626
RussianKlamath National Forest21,771
San Gabriel AddAngeles National Forest2,527
San SevaineSan Bernardino National Forest6,866
SherwinInyo National Forest3,140
Siskiyou BSix Rivers National Forest18,871
Slate Mtn.Sequoia National Forest12,299
SnoozerKlamath National Forest23,414
Table Mtn.Inyo National Forest4,215
Whisky CreekInyo National Forest865
Colorado (7)
AreaForestAcres
Comanche Peak Adjacent AreaArapaho & Roosevelt NFs44,158
Dome PeakRoutt NF35,716
HermosaSan Juan NF148,103
Long ParkRoutt NF42,100
Pagoda PeakRoutt NF57,676
San MiguelSan Juan NF64,263
Storm PeakSan Juan NF57,617
Florida (1)
AreaForestAcres
Gum BayApalachicola National Forest11,645
Georgia (4)
AreaForestAcres
Indian Grave GapChattahoochee National Forest1,020
Joe GapChattahoochee National Forest5,321
Rocky MountainChattahoochee National Forest4,269
Turner CreekChattahoochee National Forest1,495
Idaho (12)
AreaForestAcres
Bear CreekCaribou-Targhee National Forest118,582
Bighorn - WeitasNez Perce-Clearwater National Forest254,845
Borah PeakSalmon-Challis National Forest130,463
HoodooNez Perce-Clearwater National Forest153,868
Italian PeakCaribou-Targhee National Forest141,158
Lemhi RangeSalmon-Challis National Forest308,533
NeedlesPayette National Forest131,279
North Lochsa SlopeNez Perce-Clearwater National Forest117,662
PalisadesCaribou-Targhee National Forest122,002
Peace RockBoise National Forest191,734
Pioneer MountainsSalmon-Challis National Forest172,460
Pioneer MountainsSawtooth National Forest119,563
Maine (1)
AreaForestAcres
Caribou - Speckled ExtWhite Mountain National Forest5,988
Minnesota (2)
AreaForestAcres
Hegman LakesSuperior National Forest675
Phantom LakeSuperior National Forest6,521
Montana (35)
AreaForestAcres
Anderson MountainBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest31,501
Bear - Marshall - Scapegoat - SwanLewis and Clark National Forest344,022
BeartoothGallatin National Forest5,285
Big BaldyLewis and Clark National Forest43,135
Big Snowy Mountains WsaLewis and Clark National Forest88,003
Bmss Ra 1485Flathead National Forest334,275
BridgerGallatin National Forest45,059
Buckhorn Ridge (MT)Kootenai National Forest34,716
Burnt MountainCuster National Forest10,698
Cabin Creek Wildlife Management Area OcdGallatin National Forest35,048
Cabinet Face East #671Kootenai National Forest50,326
Crazy MountainGallatin National Forest82,093
Cube Iron - SilcoxLolo National Forest36,998
ElkhornHelena National Forest75,468
Flagstaff Mountain #690Kootenai National Forest11,114
Freezeout MountainBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest97,305
Gallatin FringeGallatin National Forest51,571
Grassy MountainHelena National Forest6,740
HoodooLolo National Forest105,162
Hyalite - Porcupine - Buffalo Horn Wilderness Study AreaGallatin National Forest143,991
Italian PeakBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest90,401
Lazyman GulchHelena National Forest11,614
Line Creek PlateauCuster National Forest24,825
LionheadGallatin National Forest33,549
MadisonGallatin National Forest127,859
Middle Fork Judith WsaLewis and Clark National Forest81,131
Mt. Gmt Area HCuster National Forest1,335
Nevada MountainHelena National Forest50,135
North AbsarokaGallatin National Forest159,075
North Big HoleBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest52,227
Red Lodge Creek HellroaringCuster National Forest17,210
Republic MountainGallatin National Forest836
Reservation DivideLolo National Forest16,908
Selway - Bitterroot (01067)Bitterroot National Forest114,953
West Big HoleBeaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest133,563
Nevada (15)
AreaForestAcres
Boundary Peak (NV)Inyo National Forest21,851
Cave CreekHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest6,145
Chineese Camp (NV)Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest15,207
Duck Creek Mtns.Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest12,165
Jobs Peak (NV)Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest1,342
Pine Grove SouthHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest88,945
Rose - EvansHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest4,782
Rose - Whites CanyonHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest2,568
Ruby - Lamoille CynHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest32,771
Ruby - SouthHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest13,195
Ruby - ThompsonHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest5,289
Snake - MurphyHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest27,064
Snake - Peacock CynHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest1,069
South SchellHumboldt-Toiyabe National Forest125,614
SugarloafInyo National Forest11,534
New Hampshire (11)
AreaForestAcres
Carr MountainWhite Mountain National Forest17,110
Great Gulf Ext.White Mountain National Forest15,110
JobildunkWhite Mountain National Forest3,660
KilkennyWhite Mountain National Forest28,766
Kinsman MountainWhite Mountain National Forest8,999
PemigewassetWhite Mountain National Forest32,255
Pemigewasset ExtWhite Mountain National Forest15,840
Presidential - Dry River ExtWhite Mountain National Forest10,555
Sandwich RangeWhite Mountain National Forest16,797
WatervilleWhite Mountain National Forest4,312
Wild RiverWhite Mountain National Forest46,878
New Mexico (22)
AreaForestAcres
Black CanyonSanta Fe National Forest1,922
Bull - Of - The - WoodsCarson National Forest488
Canada Bonito RNASanta Fe National Forest487
Columbine - Hondo Wilderness Study AreaCarson National Forest43,739
Comales CanyonCarson National Forest4,389
Devils CreekGila National Forest89,916
El InviernoSanta Fe National Forest29,927
GallinasSanta Fe National Forest13,208
Guaje CanyonSanta Fe National Forest6,104
Jacks CreekSanta Fe National Forest740
Juan de Gabaldon GrantSanta Fe National Forest8,023
Latir PeakCarson National Forest3,573
LemitasSanta Fe National Forest8,129
Little TesuqueSanta Fe National Forest815
Nichols ReservoirSanta Fe National Forest1,518
PecosCarson National Forest13,436
Pecos WS RiverSanta Fe National Forest5,396
Sierra Negra Rare II Study AreaCarson National Forest9,470
Tesuque CreekSanta Fe National Forest810
Thompson PeakSanta Fe National Forest33,001
West Face Sacramento MountainsLincoln National Forest41,176
Wheeler Peak WildernessCarson National Forest2,677
North Carolina (16)
AreaForestAcres
Bald MountainPisgah National Forest11,085
Balsam ConePisgah National Forest10,591
BearwallowPisgah National Forest4,113
Cheoah BaldNantahala National Forest7,795
Craggy MountainPisgah National Forest2,657
Graveyard Ridge (addition)Pisgah National Forest1,958
Jarrett CreekPisgah National Forest7,485
Laurel MountainPisgah National Forest5,683
Linville Gorge AdditionPisgah National Forest2,809
Lost CovePisgah National Forest5,944
Middle Prong AdditionPisgah National Forest1,852
Sam Knob (addition)Pisgah National Forest2,576
SnowbirdNantahala National Forest8,489
South Mills RiverPisgah National Forest8,588
Tusquitee BaldNantahala National Forest13,670
Wilson CreekPisgah National Forest4,863
Oregon (40)
AreaForestAcres
Badger CreekMt. Hood National Forest847
Bull Of The WoodsMt. Hood National Forest8,843
Crane MountainFremont National Forest23,096
DoneganUmpqua National Forest5,914
Glacier MountainMalheur National Forest20,661
Gordon MeadowsWillamette National Forest9,463
Greenhorn MountainMalheur National Forest15,936
Greenhorn Mtn.Umatilla National Forest11,191
Hebo 1aSiuslaw National Forest13,930
HellholeUmatilla National Forest65,679
Hurricane CreekWallowa-Whitman National Forest1,606
Jackson Creek AppendageUmpqua National Forest4,673
Jaussaud CorralUmatilla National Forest5,535
Lake ForkWallowa-Whitman National Forest21,936
LarchMt. Hood National Forest12,961
Lick CreekWallowa-Whitman National Forest1,956
Little CreekWallowa-Whitman National Forest2,815
Little SheepWallowa-Whitman National Forest5,238
Lookout MountainOchoco National Forest14,115
Mclennon MountainWillamette National Forest8,085
Mill Creek Watershed (OR)Umatilla National Forest7,820
Mt. JeffersonDeschutes National Forest2,282
Mt. HagenWillamette National Forest6,406
Myrtle SilviesMalheur National Forest11,679
North PaulinaDeschutes National Forest19,670
Opal CreekWillamette National Forest5,417
Roaring RiverMt. Hood National Forest27,316
Roaring RiverWillamette National Forest2,128
Salmon - HuckleberryMt. Hood National Forest17,570
Sky Lakes AWinema National Forest3,940
Snake RiverWallowa-Whitman National Forest31,229
South PaulinaDeschutes National Forest9,074
Taytáy CreekUmatilla National Forest4,047
TenmileSiuslaw National Forest10,818
Twin MountainWallowa-Whitman National Forest58,533
Upper Catherine CreekWallowa-Whitman National Forest6,446
Waldo - LakeWillamette National Forest2,993
Walla Walla RiverUmatilla National Forest34,416
West - South BachelorDeschutes National Forest25,994
Wind CreekMt. Hood National Forest5,438
Pennsylvania (1)
AreaForestAcres
Clarion RiverAllegheny National Forest3,821
South Carolina (1)
AreaForestAcres
Ellicott Rock 1Sumter National Forest301
South Dakota (1)
AreaForestAcres
Indian CreekBuffalo Gap National Grassland24,666
Tennessee (5)
AreaForestAcres
Bald MountainCherokee National Forest11,743
Brushy RidgeCherokee National Forest7,469
Devil's BackboneCherokee National Forest4,287
Slide HollowCherokee National Forest4,057
Stone MountainCherokee National Forest5,367
Texas (2)
AreaForestAcres
Big CreekNational Forests in Texas1,447
Little Lake CreekNational Forests in Texas596
Utah (41)
AreaForestAcres
0401002Ashley National Forest36,113
0419020Ashley National Forest355,684
418002Uinta National Forest19,152
418006Uinta National Forest11,714
418007Uinta National Forest6,816
418012Uinta National Forest25,758
418016Uinta National Forest35,240
418024Uinta National Forest51,699
418025Uinta National Forest32,698
418026Uinta National Forest14,038
418027Uinta National Forest13,884
418040Uinta National Forest1,702
Burch CreekWasatch-Cache National Forest6,938
Capital ReefDixie National Forest763
Circleville MountainFishlake National Forest24,142
Clear CreekSawtooth National Forest7,188
Fishlake MountainFishlake National Forest25,217
High Uintas (UT)Wasatch-Cache National Forest102,398
Horse Mountain - Mans PeakManti-Lasal National Forest22,159
Joe LottFishlake National Forest19,826
LakesWasatch-Cache National Forest121,967
Lava BedsDixie National Forest14,944
Lone Peak ContiguousWasatch-Cache National Forest874
Mahogany RangeWasatch-Cache National Forest11,409
Middle FrancisWasatch-Cache National Forest3,296
Mt. AireWasatch-Cache National Forest9,681
Mt. Logan NorthWasatch-Cache National Forest18,930
Mt. Logan SouthWasatch-Cache National Forest17,014
Mt. NaomiWasatch-Cache National Forest41,922
Mt. OlympusWasatch-Cache National Forest9,982
NoblettsWasatch-Cache National Forest3,116
Right Hand Fork LoganWasatch-Cache National Forest15,023
Signal PeakFishlake National Forest30,889
South FrancisWasatch-Cache National Forest3,374
Stansbury MountainsWasatch-Cache National Forest39,696
Stump CreekCaribou National Forest355
Temple PeakWasatch-Cache National Forest24,081
Tushar MountainFishlake National Forest39,992
Twin PeaksWasatch-Cache National Forest6,157
WellsvilleWasatch-Cache National Forest1,717
White PineWasatch-Cache National Forest1,942
Vermont (2)
AreaForestAcres
Bread LoafGreen Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests1,768
Griffith Lake 09084Green Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests1,833
Virginia (15)
AreaForestAcres
Adams PeakGeorge Washington National Forest7,135
Bear CreekJefferson National Forest18,274
Beards MountainGeorge Washington National Forest7,505
Brush MountainJefferson National Forest6,002
Gum RunGeorge Washington National Forest12,620
Hunting Camp Little Wolf CreekJefferson National Forest8,953
Kelley MountainGeorge Washington National Forest7,590
Mountain Lake Addition AJefferson National Forest1,469
Mt. PleasantGeorge Washington National Forest8,933
New London Bridge BranchJefferson National Forest844
North MountainJefferson National Forest8,377
Northern MassanuttenGeorge Washington National Forest9,444
Oak KnobGeorge Washington National Forest10,882
Oliver MountainGeorge Washington National Forest13,090
Southern MassanuttenGeorge Washington National Forest11,985
Washington (39)
AreaForestAcres
Alpine Lakes Adj.Wenatchee National Forest57,104
Bald SnowColville National Forest23,198
Big Lava BedGifford Pinchot National Forest19,043
Black CanyonOkanogan National Forest9,681
Blue SlideWenatchee National Forest17,505
BourbonGifford Pinchot National Forest4,512
ChelanWenatchee National Forest74,650
Dark DivideGifford Pinchot National Forest52,483
EntiatWenatchee National Forest72,617
Glacier Peak LMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest14,084
Goat Rocks AdjWenatchee National Forest6,108
Granite MountainOkanogan National Forest27,428
Green MountainOlympic National Forest4,617
Jackson CreekColville National Forest3,003
Jupiter RidgeOlympic National Forest10,148
LightningOlympic National Forest7,179
Long SwampOkanogan National Forest66,344
ManastashWenatchee National Forest11,155
Mill Creek Watershed (WA)Umatilla National Forest16,747
Mt. Baker MaMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest24,847
Mt. Baker Noisy - DiobsudMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest56,039
Mt. Baker NorthMt Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest16,873
Mt. BaldyOlympic National Forest3,557
Mt. ZionOlympic National Forest3,544
Nason RidgeWenatchee National Forest19,329
Norse PeakWenatchee National Forest10,169
ProfanityColville National Forest28,944
QuartzWenatchee National Forest8,550
QuilceneOlympic National Forest18,656
Red LakeGifford Pinchot National Forest2,162
Rock CreekWenatchee National Forest32,239
SawtoothOkanogan National Forest122,194
South QuinaultOlympic National Forest11,081
Stormy Mtn.Wenatchee National Forest32,612
TaneumWenatchee National Forest26,140
TeanawayWenatchee National Forest72,849
Thorp Mtn.Wenatchee National Forest22,717
Twin LakesWenatchee National Forest22,496
WobblyGifford Pinchot National Forest6,335
West Virginia (9)
AreaForestAcres
Cheat MountainMonongahela National Forest8,191
Cranberry AdditionMonongahela National Forest11,123
Cranberry Glades Botanical AreaMonongahela National Forest785
Dolly Sods Roaring PlainMonongahela National Forest13,392
East Fork Of GreenbrierMonongahela National Forest7,167
Falls Of Hills CreekMonongahela National Forest6,925
Little MountainMonongahela National Forest8,172
Seneca CreekMonongahela National Forest22,287
Tea Creek MountainMonongahela National Forest8,295
Wyoming (33)
AreaForestAcres
Bear RocksBighorn National Forest25,023
Beartooth Proposed WildernessShoshone National Forest16,837
Bench MarkShoshone National Forest5,940
Campbell LakeMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest7,088
Cloud Peak ContiguousBighorn National Forest113,757
French CreekMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest5,928
Grayback RidgeBridger-Teton National Forest295,113
Gros Ventre MountainsBridger-Teton National Forest106,418
Horse Creek MesaBighorn National Forest77,808
Leigh CreekBighorn National Forest19,180
Libby FlatsMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest11,107
Little BighornBighorn National Forest133,949
Little GooseBighorn National Forest25,558
Middle ForkShoshone National Forest51,772
Middle ForkMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest13,238
Monument RidgeBridger-Teton National Forest17,720
Mosquito Lake - Seven LakesBridger-Teton National Forest51,950
Pacific Creek - Blackrock CreekBridger-Teton National Forest24,658
PalisadesTarghee National Forest1,121
Phillips RidgeBridger-Teton National Forest10,108
Piney CreekBighorn National Forest22,240
ReefShoshone National Forest16,817
Salt River RangeBridger-Teton National Forest235,661
Sibley LakeBighorn National Forest10,367
Sleeping GiantShoshone National Forest5,176
Snowy RangeMedicine Bow-Routt National Forest29,660
South Beartooth HighwayShoshone National Forest105,570
Teton Corridor TrailheadsBridger-Teton National Forest286
Walker PrairieBighorn National Forest62,434
Wapiti Valley NorthShoshone National Forest18,345
West Slope TetonsTarghee National Forest47,448
West Slope WindsBridger-Teton National Forest143,252
Wilderness Study AreaTarghee National Forest51,961
References (1)
  1. Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 2nd edition. 2 vols. Timber Press, Portland, OR.